Analysis of Contract Types in Construction

Analysis of Contract Types in Construction It consists of the Guest Rooms, Restaurant, Swimming Pools, Dance Studios, Health and Fitness Centre, Conference and Meeting Rooms. On the other hand, Electricity Power Supply System, Electrical Low Voltage System, Fire Services System, Central Air-conditioning System, Plumbing Drainage System, Passenger Services Lifts with cargo lift services and Building structural finishing and furnishing were re-structured and re-designed respectively into three nos. of hotels. Cause of reconstruction As three nos. of the Cinnamon Grand hotels were found destroyed by the adverse weather and several storms in August 2012, the reconstruction work was required with consent of the Hotel Management Board. Background information Profile of Consultant firm We are a consultancy service company namely ES Architect Consultant Service Company Limited, which has been established in United Kingdom since 1976. Our business covers consultancy service, construction work, renovation work, facilities property management, leasing agency, interior design and various engineering etc. Our professional team involves competent person such as registered professional, structural and geotechnical engineer etc. Recently, we are appointed to manage the reconstruction work for a hotel called Cinnamon Hotel. Subsequently, we undertake to carry out the aforesaid reconstruction work according to requirement of the client as hotels landlord. Re-open business time of the hotels will be anticipated implemented from 1st March 2013 and completed on or before 1st April 2014. To facilitate and ensure that the potential guests could enjoy their journey in the hotels after the reconstruction work in phase 1, we propose divide the work into two phases. The Roofs, Guest rooms, Restaurant and Swimming pools will be scheduled in phase 1. The Dance studios, Health and Fitness centre, Conference and Meeting rooms will be scheduled in phase 2. In order to create the prestigious and retain heritage style with traditional England design in the hotel at the town, grand design is highly required. Details information of the concerned facilities is listed below; Background information Schedule of project in Phase 1 Three ply waterproof design for three nos. of the roofs per one block of the hotel will be proposed, its lifecycle will anticipate fifteen years to replace approximately and repair cost will anticipate fifty hundred pounds per year; Roman design for the whole block (include external wall), lobbies and twenty nos. of the general guest rooms, Rococo design for twenty nos. of the general guest rooms and traditional England design for ten nos. of the president suite rooms will be proposed. Total guest rooms nos. is fifty per one block of the hotels; Continental with open kitchen design and three teams local cook lead by a chef for three nos. of the restaurant per one block of the hotels will be proposed; Alfresco indoor swimming pool with spa, massage and steam services, which is provide the thermostat system for six nos. swimming pools per one block of the hotels will be proposed. Schedule of project in Phase 2 Diversity with musical system will be set-up in the dance studios per one block of the hotel will be proposed; Professional tutors will be arranged in the health and fitness centre per one block of the hotels will be proposed; High technology multimedia system and audio-visual with record system will be set-up in the conference and meeting rooms per one block of the hotels will be proposed. Objectives Clients Requirement In view of the above arrangement of reconstruction work for three nos. of the hotels, our client is concerned with the work commencement date and completion date, which must be regarded as the first priority because the peak travel season is coming soon. Therefore, the schedule of reconstruction work should cope with the demand in order to raise the competitive predominance in the same district. Also, other major concern is no in-house experience and insufficient staff to conduct the above reconstruction work in order to avoid any nuisance and contingency occurrence emerge in the phase one and two involve cost, time and quality control. To cope with the above potential risk avoidance, we would establish clear statement for scope of work, terms conditions and penalty for liquidated damage to potential contractors. Especially, we would strictly to supervise and monitoring the service provision after the phase one project to let the potential guests enjoy their journey in the hotels. Budget by Client The client has sufficient cash flow to disburse the above reconstruction work cost in approximately at  £ $120,000,000.00 (120 Million). Recommendation Type of contract After collecting and ponder the above information with more concern, we decide to propose Design and Build contract method to our client. This method can not only to solve the technical issue deficient from client but also to avoid any variation order incurred in the future (such as budget to limit). In addition, design, materials and method suggestion of three nos. of the hotels have special ways to handle, quote instance, engrave technique for beam of Roman design in the whole block, external wall, lobbies, guest rooms, spa, massage and steam tanks with room facilities which are need to high technology and special order to complete. Design and Build contract method is highly required. In order to enhance knowledge for advantage and disadvantage for the Design and Build to our client, details are listed as below:. Analysis Advantages and Disadvantages of type of contract Advantages of Design and Build: Deduction of the Costs, Time, and Mistakes These design and build contractors are specialists in appointing both design and construction experts and making the process much easier for the property owner. For example, there is no need to hire variety of the contractors to carry out all aspects of the building project and arrangements with other subcontractors; Individual responsible party it is efficient to avoid conflict and confuse any communication between the various parties involvement; Costs saving Under a responsible party, it is more efficient due to avoidable duplication of manpower and both the design and building processes in the same company, the information between the two coincides. That means the cost of reconstruction work will be well controlled within budget because there is less possibility of miscommunication when the same design contractor is managing the two phases. Since the company is aware of the whole budget limitation, she is able to quickly and accurately determine if particular changes would put the reconstruction work over budget. Time Saving The Design and Build process could eliminate other the competitive bidding process that often adds to the project completion time. Furthermore, if the design and construction portion occur at the same time, it would save lead time during the course of the reconstruction work; Improved Risk Management Every aspect of the project has been carefully developed through the collaboration of the contractor, designer, builder, and client. Each party involved is aware of what theyre responsible for and has coordinated their efforts with one another. The process becomes more efficient to reduce the amount of risk involved; Increased Quality Control On the one hand, under a responsible party for every steps of the process promotes the more cohesive approach to the remodel. One party orchestrating each aspect of the remodel assures that the standards are met throughout and the goal is more accurately communicated On the other hand, one of the significant reasons that the clients tend to prefer adopting of the Design and Build contractors because of their ability to handle everything in house. This is very appealing to clients because it means that no one will cut corners with quality of materials or labor. It is also very beneficial to have the same contractor work for the project from start to finish. Disadvantages of Design and Build: In the past, the design phase and the build phase were separated. Firstly, the building is designed by architects. Secondly, contractors analyze the architectural design and bid on the amount that it will cost to construct the project. Thirdly, once the bid amount is agreed upon, construction takes place. When the two phases are separated, it often leads to problems. It is not uncommon for the client to become unhappy when the design conflicts with what can be built. In order to eliminate this issue, you can now use design build contractors which integrate both the design and build phase together. Conclusion Construction project delivery is changing before our eyes. Design-build once known as only one of alternative project delivery may now be the most preferred method. 1 [G. William Quatman (2003) The Architects Guide to Design-Build Services]. After collecting the above information and the requirements from our client, the Design and Build contracting methodology for transportation projects represents a significant change in the way projects, which are managed and delivered by transportation agencies. An important aspect of the Design and Build contracting methodology is developing collaboration and the business relationship between the project engineering/architect and construction contractor. The interaction of the construction contractor with the designer working as a team represents a culture shift from the traditional design and construction project team work together to resolve project design and constructability issues to deliver a quality product in an efficient manner. There is need to perform quickly on the projects, as it is in emergency the owners put the teams together to get the work completion. The complicated problems are always solved the more efficiently and with optimal solutions through collaboration. Collaboration occurs throughout a Design and Build project, not only within the Design and Build / construction team, but also with the owners.

Frog Atlas

MACROSCOPIC ANATOMY r——– Snout – – – – – External naris Brows pot Upper eyelid Nictitating membrane ~)f~~~~=:::::::::::::=;E;::: Lower eyelid †¢ Digits of Fingers .. J. —â€Å"‘1~-:S:r– Tympanic membrane Carpus or wrist †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ,~†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ~'l. ldOr— Forearm Upper arm r – – – – – – Median dorsal line . . . – – – – – – Hump (~ fl Cf TID~~ ~N. ir——– Anus WJirfi1il m i T – – – – Thigh ~l-~b~l,~lu,'1: ‘v~Arftb~t. n4 C q ~  ·, -A IV† ID ,- G t>h~ ·LW  ·Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ (M()n:Wq . Olrcl-tv-  ·. A l-y-r; F ctf,,,b ·Ã‚ · Ru'idc r – – – – Shank G(Jil'S.  ·. 91 t1 C ~pt. d :~ ‘. v lll,. g~. rt ,W). tJf!. †¦ ~. ~~ oF. ~::— Prehallux – ! â€Å"V,A(lu:il:l ~ f cJi:h~.! :,;:::>– Dig its of toes J Web –  · Tarsus or ankle _ . ,.. :† M ·)v EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF THE FROG ~——–Darkly are~ pigmented of the skin SwoJ. _J.. en thumb A MALE FROG Ventral view Diffused skin pigmentation †¢-~~–Thumb not swollen A FEMALE FROG Ventral view Met atarsals Astragalus]Tarsals Calcaneum Ischium SKELETAL SYSTEM Dorsal View Transverse process Neural spine Postzygapophysis 2nd to 8th vertebrae (Typical vertebrae) Sacral vertebra 9th vertebra) VERTEBRAL COLUMN Dorsal view ISOLATED VERTEBRAE Neural spine Neural arch Postzygapophysis Neural canal Concavity for articulation with occipital condyle Centrun ATLAS Antero-dorsal view .——–Neural spine ~—–Postzygapophysis Transverse process ~~~~——-Prezygapophysis †¦.. __ _ _ Neural canal ~~——-Centrum TYPICAL VETEBRA Antero-dorsal view centrum SACRAL VERTEBRA Postern-dorsal view Neural canal of the lOth Concavities for articulation lvi th sacral vertebra UROSTYLE Antero-latera! view Exoccipital Occipital condyle SKULL Dorsal view ~————Premaxillae orbit SKULL Ventral view LOWER JAW Dorsal view Anterior cornu Alary process Body Posterior cor-nu Thyroid process HYOID APPARATUS Ventral view ———————- Episternum Clavicle Omosternum Scapula Suprascapula Glenoid fossa. r——-. ::.. ::: PECTORAL GIRDLE Dorsal view Fenestra coracoid Epicoracoid Mesosternum Xiphistermn PELVIC GIRDLE, 1/2 (INNOMINATE BONE) Lateral view Head Deltoid ridge/'~ · Condyle Radio-ulna Longitudinal groove Centrale Ordinary carpals Metacarpals Radiale Ulnare -â€Å"†Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœo'! ;I'J !l:i(tl. =- Phalanges FOREUMB, R1ght Lataral Vtt1111 Tibio-fibula ~- Calcaneum or fib111are Astragalus or tibiale ~–~-AA~.. ,. ,'Hf– Ordinary tarsals Calcar Metatarsals ‘~~~~~~Phalanges HINDLIMB, RIGHT Ventral view ~~~——~-rr—–Temporalis ~~:. ——nm-;. ;y— Depressor mandibula ~~~~~~~~~~~~= =Dorsal1s scapula ~ ~rj;;,r–Cucullaris ~~~? // IH/IJ/II~r-†¦ ;::~=——- External Latissimus dorsi oblique m. mmr————Longiss imus dorsi llfi~~———–Ilio-lumbaris ~~~~~———-Coccygeo-sacralis ~~~~i—==========Coccygeo-iliacus ~ femoris anticus ~~~~wBwm~~———–Gluteus :f'(U~~~ ~::m. ::rn. ———— Vastus externus ~———Triceps n~~~~— femoris Semimembranosus Gracilis minor J:..!!. -.!. —- fi——–Tibialis anticus Tendon of Achilles MUSCULAR SYSTEM Dorsal view Suanentalis is 0tC r. :. ( ·s cutaneous~~~~tfl1 pectoralis Scapulo-humeralis or deltoid s epicoracofaaa– (Anterior pectoralis) –‘†Ã¢â‚¬â€-Pectoralis sternalis AU~——–PeCtoralis ~is (Posterior pectoralis) Linea alba—-~~~~1:~~~——~Rectus abdominis Inscriptiones tend inae tt,_,ie;r vn:;b? ~ .  ·~~i† n;(~~ ~. (. i d

Possible Sat Essay Topics Features

Possible Sat Essay Topics Features The questions are paraphrased for simplicity, but they supply you with a concept of the way the themes are recycled annually. There are a lot of tactics to find the info necessary for your essay. Listed here are some great topics that you may decide to write on, for your exemplification paper. You simply must be in a position to be comfortable with a couple examples, and be sure you can effectively relate them to your analysis. Keep in mind your essay shouldn't be disappointing at any point. The essay provides you with an opportunity to reveal how effectively you may read and comprehend a passage and compose an essay analyzing the passage. The SAT Essay demonstrates how well you recognize the passage and utilize it as the foundation for a well-written, thought-out discussion. Writing an essay is an essential role in academe life. Actually, you will can create a fantastic essay if you decide on its topic correctly. Bridget's essay is quite strong, but there continue to be a couple little things that could be made better. If you would like to succeed, the very first thing you are to do is to select the appropriate topic for your essay. It's important to select debatable argumentative essay topics as you need opposing points which you can counter to your own points. The question isn't really seeking your opinion. A few other critical points to bear in mind when taking the test can help students avoid problems and guarantee a smooth approach. As you finalize your topic choice, be certain to pick a process you've completed many occasions and that you may explain to another person. When you're picking your topic, remember that it's much simpler to write about something which you presently have interest ineven in case you don't know a good deal about it. Whatever college essay topic you select or are assigne d, the trick is to compose a very good stand-out essay. There are lots of good topics for illustration essays to select from. The college essay is among the main elements of your college application. In some cases, it will provide an essay topic for you. Your essay rating will appear on every score report you send to colleges, irrespective of whether the school demands an essay. There's no composite SAT Essay score (the 3 scores aren't added together) and there are not any percentiles. Possible Sat Essay Topics Options If you've ever taken an on-line class, you understand how different it can be from a classic face-to-face course. You will need to understand how to compose an effective essay as it is a typical foundation for a student's grade. You are able to likewise do the essays offered in the very first section of each one of the tests in the Official Study Guide. If you would like to practice the new SAT essay, decent news! Individual schools sometimes need supplemental essays. An admissions officer is a lot more likely to try to remember an applicant who has a rather specific essay written in a distinctive and quirky way. Write about why it's going to be important to you and why you should get a college education. College students should base their selection of an area of study on the access to work in that area. So you don't actually wish to come across a topic! You will discover that lots of the topics can be adapted to suit almost any sort of writing assignment. You should fully learn more about the topic. You need to be very careful when choosing an essay topic. You don't need to acquire super technical with legal argumentative essays, but make sure to do your homework on what the present laws about your preferred topic actually say. Author names might be included, but aren't required. The Basics of Possible Sat Essay Topics Application essays about challenges reveal how you respond to difficulty to folks who are really interested in how you'll deal with the subsequent four years by yourself. Some people think that government officials must execute the will of the people they serve. Advertising and the media are now nearly inseparable from society for a whole. Our present social difficulties, which still consist of racism, need to get faced by men and women with social courage like Atticus Finch and Guy Montag.

Sociological Review of Inequality and Corruption - 2159 Words

Sociological Review Reference: A Comparative Study of Inequality and Corruption By Jong-sung You and Sanjeev Khagram From American Sociological Review Vol. 70, No. 1, 2005 I. Objectives of Study • To give a theoretical account of why income inequality increases corruption • To show the explanatory ability of income inequality and the interaction between inequality and democracy tested empirically against competing conventional explanations of corruption • To conduct a methodological study, using statistical techniques, in finding the causes of corruption. II. Methodology The study tackles the issue on corruption using both theoretical and methodological techniques to approach the hypotheses. The first part of the paper†¦show more content†¦The corrupt people will know this, of course, and will use this fact to their advantage. They will provide help, be it legal or illegal, in exchange for gaining the favor of the poor. The poor will rarely see the under-the-table dealings that take place in these transactions, as they can only see the benefits that they will be receiving from this rich person. As long as they get these benefits, it will not matter to them how it was given to them. Consequently, as this kind of behavior becomes common, people will think it is a normal practice and will see corruption as an appropriate form of behavior. • The adverse effect of inequality on corruption is larger in more democratic countries. Compared with authoritarian countries, where the leaders can just use their power to make civilians live in fear, democratic leaders cannot get away with being tyrannical to their people. Authoritarians, on the other hand, can rely both on oppression and repression as well as corruption in order to attain their goals, which are more often than not beneficial only to the leaders. Because democratic leaders cannot make use of oppression and repression, they are more bound to use corrupt practices to keep things in their favor, as corruption does not involve much of instilling fear onto the people, but more of manipulating the law and exploiting the disparity between theShow MoreRelatedGlobalization And International Business : Globalization954 Words   |  4 Pagessocial reformation of its society. But the Caste system still exists in many towns and villages that still set segregation of its people from inequality. Under the V.P. Singh governance, castes hold a reservation of 27% of the job market and in which still plays a role in the regards to education, jobs, and elections. 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Graduation Speech College Experience - 870 Words

First, I would like to explore the â€Å"typical† route students will take upon graduating high school. In 2015, there were an estimated 20.2 million students expected to attend American colleges and universities, with 13.2 million of those students choosing 4-year universities (nces.ed.gov). Generally, 4-year universities prepare young adults for a degree that can help them continue on to grad school or a career in that field. Large universities have massive amounts of resources, funding, programs, and professors that can help students network and find internships or jobs in their degree field. Students also have access to hundreds of different academic, social, volunteer, or vocational clubs and groups. One of the best benefits of going to a four-year university is the college experience. Both of my parents say the friends they have now are the ones they met in college, and they get to reminisce on all the fun times they had. 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As mentioned during his introduction at the Stanford Commencement Speech in 2005, as an infant Jobs was given up for adoption by his biological parents and was later adopted by a couple known as Clara and Paul Jobs. As a boy, Jobs acquired an interest in electronics as PaulRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Steve Jobs Speech848 Words   |  4 Pagesmany inspirational speeches have been remembered, because of how they connect with the audience. Steve Job’s speech during the Stanford’s graduation was inspiring to many of the college graduates. Many people think in order to be successful a college degree is mandatory. Even if they do not like what they are doing. People should love what they do, and should not follow dogma. With his speech, Steve Job’s convinced the multicultural population at Stanford University to be prominent and to pu rsue their

What Everybody Else Does When It Comes to Aegumative Essay Topics and What You Should Be Doing Different

What Everybody Else Does When It Comes to Aegumative Essay Topics and What You Should Be Doing Different What You Need to Do About Aegumative Essay Topics Beginning in the Next 2 Minutes Argumentative essay topics are so important since they are debatableand it's essential to at all times be critically considering the world around us. Persuasive essays are a fantastic approach to encourage the reader to check at a particular topic in a different light. An excellent argumentative essay is going to be based on established or new research instead of only on your ideas and feelings. The 30-Second Trick for Aegumative Essay Topics Then take a look at a list of argumentative essay advice to help you begin. If you own a list of strong and intriguing topics, you are going to have better likelihood of writing a compelling essay. When you are finished with your essay, you must not just check it for spelling and grammatical errors, but nevertheless, it also has to be checked for logica l fallacies. If you must compose your whole essay in 1 day, do your very best to give yourself breaks so you don't burn out. There are lots of aspects about a sport which can be argued in an essay. In this kind of situation, it's more convenient to discover ready-made essays and use them as an example. The thesis will provide you with a guideline about how to go about with writing the essay. If you're in a college and need to compose an argumentative essay, you should select a subject of high importance. You may continue to keep your argumentative essays for your upcoming job portfolio in case they're highly graded. You devote a good deal of education on writing argumentative essays. You must have skills to compose a fantastic essay. When asking us how to begin an argumentative essay, many students forget that they should get started with an outline. Your professor or client reads a lot of essays and a great majority are written by men and women who like to play it safe. One particular important and appropriate subject is technology. Besides general knowledge you have concerning the subject, you won't mind dedicating some opportunity to research, writing procedure, and other facets essential for the high-quality essay. Finding the most suitable topics for argumentative essay also relies on performing the correct amount of research which will help you make sure that you won't be having difficulties in finding points that it is possible to argue. No matter the sort of essay y ou're writing, a strong plan will allow you to have a larger impact. When it has to do with writing an argumentative essay, the most essential issue to do is to select a topic and an argument that you could really get behind. Preferably, it must be something that you're an expert in. The issue is that everybody's interpretation of what makes a great society differs. Additionally, you can warn your audience about certain consequences that could occur if the problem under discussion isn't addressed properly. When you are requested to decide on a great topic for your argument, start with something you're familiarized with. Finding the most suitable arguments will allow you to prove your point and win. It's possible to restate your argument, which is quite a common practice amongst essayists. The Unexpected Truth About Aegumative Essay Topics There are many steps that you should take to be able to write a fantastic essay. If you're facing some difficulties, an excellent choice for you is to hunt for argumentative essay examples, as they will enable you to properly structure the work and adhere to the most suitable writing format. Make certain you follow all the instructions if a specific formatting style is demanded. To locate a good theme is a serious but important job. Your thesis ought to be relevant so the post can use a structure that's flexible in order to fit in the shoes of the readers. Thesis Statement Thesis statement holds plenty of importance in any sort of essay writing. Relevant Topics that are related to your society will engage the reader in the finest possible way. As tempting as it might appear to skip past the extra info and go right to the list of persuasive essay topics, don't do it. Make sure you stick to topics which are simple to find info about. If you believe you require assistance with your written assignments it is preferable to request skilled help from online writing service. So, below are some suggestions, collected and listed from the very best inventory. Argumentative essay is about arguing and debating on a subject, which is debatable. An argumentative essay requires you to choose a topic and have a position on it. In circumstances when you get to select the topic for an argumentative essay, you need to be wise and locate a title that will intrigue a reader. Researching the topic will permit you to find out more about what fascinates you, and should you pick something you really like, writing the essay will be more enjoyable.

Case Study Report on Outsourcing of ICT

Question: Your Case Study organizations CEO says they would like to outsource their ICT and asks to you to make it happen; this includes any existing systems as well as new systems. You will use the information gathered in the previous assignments and will need to do your own research on outsourcing. Answer: Introduction: One of the common things, which the information technology industries are experiencing, is outsourcing activities. The reasons for the business to outsource their activities are to improve their strategic business performance. There are numerable information technology and communication, which are being outsourced such as operation of systems and management of telecommunications, programming of applications. Outsourcing may be defined as or it is viewed as rendering the service of purchasing to the other or third parties. The objectives of outsourcing are mainly associated with the costs and benefits (Balocco et al. 2012).The business outsources their activities to bring about flexibility in the service of information technology and also to reduce the cost of operations. The report would be prepared in context of information technology industry IBM. Pros and cons of outsourcing: Pros: The clients to which the information and communication technology would be outsourced would provide them with the access to experience the advancement of technology and experienced personnel and they would be able to enjoy the significant service of upgraded ICT services. The shortcoming of in house provision of ICT services regarding the technology fixation can be solved through outsourcing. The in house provision might lead then to make use of obsolete technologies due to financial reasons, so this risk could be managed by using the outsourcing activities. The operating and recruitment would be reduced to a great extent. The vendor rendering the ICT services would be able to provide the services at the lower rate as they enjoy economies of scale. The client need not make any additional investment as the service providers charges fees on the basis of service provided by them (Gunasekaran et al. 2015). The solution provided by the vendors comes in the package form and they provide with all the services relating to infrastructure, integration, personnel, support etc. Cons: The client is exposed to a number of risks and one of the risks is control risk. The client would not have any control over the quality and the level of service provided. The in house provision would not have any direct control over the management. The organization would be exposed to the risks of losing the confidential information to the other parties involved. And also the client receiving the service would not have access to the critical information which the vendor might possess and so there might be difficulties in claiming the validation. Outsourcing also posses threat to security for the vendor organization and for the client as well. The infrastructure of the technology if shared by numerable number of clients, this would lead to the threats sourcing from multiple sources. Last but not the least, outsourcing is also faced with the issues of managing the relationships which can results due to the lack of proper communication and if there is not a proper mechanism of solving the problems jointly. The managing the relationships issue may also arise from the personal conflict. Different outsourcing delivery models: The typical models which can be considered by the CEO as a solution measures are: Single provider of Information and communication technology outsourcing. Multiple providers of Information and communication technology outsourcing . Business process outsourcing and business transformational outsourcing The first model of outsourcing provides the opportunity to outsource the operation components such as supporting the help desks. In case of the second model, the vendors can offer multiple operations. A global delivery model: Another name for global deliver model is the blended outsourcing model combines the offsite, onsite and offshore resources. The model can be exemplified by IBM which would enable them in providing outsourcing service which would be seamless. It would allow IBM to manage their relations globally and also the service would be innovatively distributed. The main advantage relating to the implementation of the model is acquiring the service at lower rate without any risks. The large corporations who want to hire the services of the global outsourcings would prefer this approach. The vendor providing the service would be easily adapted to the changing requirement of clients. The costs of managing the application n would fall drastically using this model (Dolgui and Proth 2013). The business challenges faced by the clients would be resolved easily using the global delivery model. Hybrid delivery model: Another outsourcing model is the hybrid deliver model and this is one of the popular and successful outsourcing models, which can be employed by IBM for rendering the outsourcing services. Here, majority of the work is done by the offshore development center and it include customizing the designs and ensuring that the outcome of the project is in accordance with the expectations of the clients. The rest is done by onsite center and the IBM would be able to perform variety of tasks relating to gathering the information by directly interacting with the clients and executing the projects according to the needs and expectation of the clients (Attias 2014). The IBM would be able to enjoy a great costs benefit as the most of the work is done in the offshore development where the resources are available at comparatively cheaper costs. If the IBM is dealing with the complex projects, which need long time to get completed, then Hybrid delivery model can be employed. This would not burden the client with the task of managing the huge onsite team and it can avail outsourcing benefits. Another model is build operate transfer model: In this model, the company can enter into contract with the offshore development center or offshore partner so that the operations can be initiated easily and at much faster rate than the provisions made in house (Jadhav et al. 2014). The model includes three phases: Build: In this, the partners provide a solution to the clients and it would help the clients in establishing the brands. Operate: the services regarding the management of operations, training, accounting, the offshore partner provides payroll so that they are able to devote their time on the core activities. Options to transfer: the client is provided with the facility of transferring the operations when they want. In addition, while entering into the contract it is mentioned that after the fixed period, client can transfer the operations in its own house. Employing the BOT model by IBM would enable them to enhance the bottom line of the customers and offload the costs fully. The company would be free from risk of execution (Fan 2015). Hub and spoke model: The company would be able to achieve the advantage of best of breed strategy using this model. This models provides the company with the facility that it is off shore partners can work by collaborating with the own hub centers. After providing the training, the offshore partner would be send to the spoke center. If the IBM employs hub and spoke model for the purpose of outsourcing , then it would be able to utilize the resources efficiently and as the multisourcing approaches is offered by this model. This comes with the ample of benefits. Process flow model: One of the effective tools for managing the ICT outsourcing activities is the process flow model. The process starts with the definition of goals of business and using the strategy to achieve it. The needs for source are analyzed and operations are designed so that the needs are met. Another phase comes with the negotiation of contracts and selecting the vendor and the external service providers needs to be transitioned followed up with the managing of the performance of service (2016). Flow chart representing process flow: Request for information (RFI): The decision to outsource should be in aligned with the long term goal of the organization. For IBM, in order to provide the clients or customers with the application and network support, the business should follow the rules related to the request for information which needs to be monitored on a regular basis. The objectives of the IBM and current technical environment need to be included in the RFI (Mukherjee and Mukherjee 2014). The selection of the vendor and the negotiation for the contracts should be done as per the parameters established in 1 and 2 phase. RFI needs to be used with the all contractors so there will not be any arising of problems. The contractors should have strategic business alliance The consultants should attach the request for information so that it would help them in clarifying about the models, videos and other specifications concerning the issues if raised. The register of information is maintained with the date of response and the date of creation along with the unique specification code. As per the clause of the contract, the RFI needs to be delivered to the team members and other things needs to be ensured that the members have received the receipt individually. The team members who are capable of handling the issues with greater proficiency should also be supplied with the copy of RFI. The RFI needs to be registers with the proper response if observed. In the distribution list of RFI relevant users needs to be mentioned and each members can respond using the mail. If the member needs to submit the response, they must be granted with the permission to the RFI tools using admin level. The process of review using the origin receipt needs to ensure that the cost related issues is solved. Any variation in the costs and budgeting of the project activities in future should be appropriately monitored by the appropriate consultants. Reviewing the responses should be accurate and complete as well as appropriate so that the implication of the schedule and the project budget is assured. The status of the RFI should be updated by consulting that team member who is appropriate to the tasks so that they are made of acquainted with the changes being made. When the requirements are met successfully, the register containing the contents of RFI should be marked as closed out and if the requirements are not met then it should be labeled as the concern of the outside and it is done for the purpose of reporting. Evaluation methodology: The tenders invited comes with the various sections which include defining the contract, conditions to the contract , describing the schedule of pricing, details of the quality, quantity and frequency should also be provided for. Tenders are invited under the sealed bid process and the vendors need to describe in complete form about how the requirements of the clients would be met with all the information relating to payment and delivery (Hirschheim et al.2013). The tenders need to be evaluated in respect of financial, capacity and technical assessments and they also need to be evaluated in terms of transparency. Tender can be technically evaluated whether they are effective in terms of cost and the production capacity needs to be found out. The invitation of the tender must be stated with the requirement and the spares cost is compatible with the bid or not should be evaluated (Contador et al. 2012). Assessing the capacity is closely related with the technical evaluation. The financial viability of the tender should be deeply inspected and this is done to ascertain where they seek any financial assistance or are able to purchase the required raw materials and enquiry should be made there is any redundancy costs or if there is any loss of economy of scale and would it result in incurring costs. The costs relating to long term such as installation of telecommunication or items relating to rental items. Evaluating also needs to ensure that the transparency is maintained and this calls for providing a documented and clear audit trial. The lists of key performance indicators and service level agreement provide by the outsourcing company is as follows: Key performance indicators: Deviation in actual and estimated costs Quantity and quality of the services outsourced Customers satisfaction improvement The testing cost involved in the project should be at minimum. Service level agreement: Designs involved in testing should be efficient Cost of delivering service based on time period Staffs conducting the service has adequate knowledge Service to be delivered within the estimated budget Assessing the tender financially should include that the price offered should cover the costs and the costs is lower than the estimated costs when the project have been conceived. Retention, terms of payment and the spare costs are provided in the offer (Frey et al. 2013). Report to the CEO: After conducting the detailed analysis of the report of the company, the company IBM needs to shift its focus on providing quality service and manage relationship with the customers. The company needs to develop performance matrix to effectively monitor the quality of service rendered. The arrangement of outsourcing should be planned on a partnership basis, as it would help them in keeping pace with the technological changes (Masrek et al. 2014). In order to provide necessary resources, the company needs the support of top management and a dedicated team of management is needed and this would act as input in providing the customers with the quality work. The outsourcing of communication and information technology of IBM would bring in more talents in the offshore services of the business processes. The process model in the report of IBM provides a framework so that the outsourcing of ICT would be done in informed way. This would enable the IBM outsourcing department to minimize the r isks involved and maximize the benefits (Khidzir et al. 2013). The suggestions provided in the framework of the phases would provide the maximum benefits. The templates of the request for information would bring in large number of tenders for the outsourcing activities. The request for information should be prepared according to the guidelines set for the engineers who seek some training activities in IBM so that it is more exposed to the environment needing the application, network and software support. The outsourcing project needs to be dealt with by providing the proper input which could be sustained and this can be done through the contraction and transition phase. In order to ensure that there is a seamless relation between vendors and agency, there needs to be awareness about the policies and regulations concerning the project. The management team needs to be familiar with performance management, information assurance, and other terms such as cost accounting. Another recommendation to be made regarding the ICT projects is that the service level contract should be crafted in such a way so that there is a provision regarding chang es in technology, penalty for poor service, benchmarking. In order to response to the needs of agency, the management team should have an up gradation so that it is able to cope up with the advancement and development of technologies. Say for example, in the existing service contracts, if the team needs to refine the measure of performance or address any issues in the service contract, the team needs to be well aware of the assurance products and all the other requirements. As the outsourcing of activities has been recommended on the basis of partnership, so there needs to be arrangement that the management and technical issues can be communicated frequently. And following points needs to be looked into: A matrix of pre set performance carrying the carrying the weekly or daily report of the status of service should be provided to the agency. In order to address the long term needs or the immediate concerns, arrangements of weekly or monthly meetings should be done. There should be an established protocol to be followed by the vendor when they need to address the issues concerning change in technology or the needs for service. Communication is to be made effective and qualitative by including the high level management when there is a need to introduce a major shift. Conclusion: The explained and the thorough analysis of the outsourcing activities of the IBM has brought into light several things which should be involved in the outsourcing of ICT activities and to ensure its success. The various recommendations made regarding the vendors, employees relating to the outsourcing activities after analyzing the reports needs to be implemented by the company. The request for information would provide the company with the large number of suppliers as it is meant for advertising and for inviting the tenders. The widely accepted outsourcing delivery model is general model for all the outsourcing activities. Following is the list of journals depicting the plans and schedule on the specific date along with the status. Reference: Attias, I., 2014. How companies evaluate their offshore outsourcing activities?: A study of the challenges and opportunities associated with outsourcing to different countries. Balocco, R., Ciappini, A. and Corso, M., 2012. The impact of ICT sourcing on ICT organisation, competences and continuous innovation.International Journal of Technology Management 8,60(3/4), pp.179-201. Contador, J.C., Ferreira, A.A., Simes, S.A. and Souza, W.J., 2012. It outsourcing: methodology for selecting suppliers criterion for competitive advantage.JISTEM-Journal of Information Systems and Technology Management,9(1), pp.123-146. Dolgui, A. and Proth, J.M., 2013. Outsourcing: definitions and analysis.International Journal of Production Research,51(23-24), pp.6769-6777. Faizan, M., Ulhaq, S. and Khan, M.N., 2014. A., Defect Prevention and Process Improvement Methodology for Outsourced Software Projects.Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research,19(5), pp.674-682. Fan, W., 2015. Optimal pricing and highway network improvement problem under a build-operate-transfer scheme.Advances in Transportation Studies, (35). Frey, S., Reich, C. and Lthje, C., 2013. Key performance indicators for cloud computing SLAs. InThe Fifth International Conference on Emerging Network Intelligence, EMERGING(pp. 60-64). Garrison, G., Wakefield, R.L. and Kim, S., 2015. The effects of IT capabilities and delivery model on cloud computing success and firm performance for cloud supported processes and operations.International Journal of Information Management,35(4), pp.377-393. Gunasekaran, A., Irani, Z., Choy, K.L., Filippi, L. and Papadopoulos, T., 2015. Performance measures and metrics in outsourcing decisions: A review for research and applications.International Journal of Production Economics,161, pp.153-166. Hirschheim, R., Heinzl, A. and Dibbern, J. eds., 2013.Information Systems Outsourcing: enduring themes, emergent patterns and future directions. Springer Science Business Media. Hodosi, G. and Rusu, L., 2013. How do critical success factors contribute to a successful it outsourcing: A study of large multinational companies.JITTA: Journal of Information Technology Theory and Application,14(1), p.17. Jensen, P.D.., 2012. A passage to India: A dual case study of activities, processes and resources in offshore outsourcing of advanced services.Journal of World Business,47(2), pp.311-326. Khidzir, N.Z., Mohamed, A. and Arshad, N.H., 2013. ICT Outsourcing Information Security Risk Factors: An Exploratory Analysis of Threat Risks Factor for Critical Project Characteristics.Journal of Industrial and Intelligent Information Vol,1(4). Ludwig, H., Stamou, K., Mohamed, M., Mandagere, N., Langston, B., Alatorre, G., Nakamura, H., Anya, O. and Keller, A., 2015, November. rSLA: Monitoring SLAs in dynamic service environments. InInternational Conference on Service-Oriented Computing(pp. 139-153). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Manning, S., Larsen, M.M. and Bharati, P., 2015. Global delivery models: The role of talent, speed and time zones in the global outsourcing industry.Journal of International Business Studies,46(7), pp.850-877. Masrek, M.N., Yaacob, M.Z., Seman, M.R. and Ibrahim, A., 2014. The Contribution of Service Quality and Partnership Quality on IT Outsourcing Success.Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing and Information Sciences,5(10). Mukherjee, S. and Mukherjee, K., 2014. An empirical study on possible consequences of implementing offshore information technology outsourcing strategy.International Journal of Business Environment,7(1), pp.1-31.